People often assume that cancer is the cause of death for those diagnosed with it. However, it's more common for cancer patients to die from other health issues than from cancer itself.
This highlights why cancer patients and survivors should also focus on managing chronic diseases to improve longevity.

“Most cancer patients think they will die of cancer, but studies show that only about 40 percent of cancer patients die from the disease—60 percent die from other causes,” said Professor Koo Hye-yeon of the Department of Family Medicine at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital. “The leading causes of death are cardiovascular diseases, such as myocardial infarction and stroke.”

According to Professor Koo, people who have experienced cancer are at a higher risk of dying from cardiovascular disease compared to those who have not. This makes it essential to manage risk factors such as high blood pressure, diabetes, and high cholesterol (dyslipidemia).

Osteoporosis is another critical issue for cancer patients and survivors.

“If you're taking hormone suppressants, undergoing long-term steroid therapy, or receiving radiation therapy for cancer, your risk of osteoporosis may increase,” Koo said. She emphasized that patients taking medications for chronic diseases should follow their doctor’s instructions and combine medication with physical activity, proper exercise, and dietary management.

Cancer patients and survivors also need to pay close attention to immunizations to improve long-term health outcomes.

“Even if cancer is cured, many survivors have weaker immune systems than the general population. This puts them at higher risk for infectious diseases and makes them more susceptible to severe complications,” Professor Koo explained.

Influenza, in particular, can be serious for this population. “The flu is a dangerous illness that can be life-threatening for older adults and those with compromised immunity,” Koo noted, recommending annual flu vaccinations as advised by the National Cancer Center's immunization guidelines for cancer survivors.

Vaccinations against hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus (HPV) are also important, as both viruses are linked to increased cancer risk.

“Infections that increase cancer risk are especially problematic for survivors,” Koo said. “Hepatitis B can raise the risk of liver cancer, and HPV can increase the risk of cervical cancer. Immunization is the most effective way to manage these risks.”

The National Cancer Center’s vaccination guidelines reflect this need, advising cancer survivors to stay up to date with recommended vaccines.

“However, vaccination plans can vary depending on a patient’s individual condition, so it’s important to consult your primary care physician before getting vaccinated,” Professor Koo added.